سُورَةُ الطارق
al-Ṭāriq— The Nightcomer
Notes & justification
Ibn ʿĀmir, ʿĀṣim and Ḥamzah read لَمَّا with the mīm doubled here, in Sūrat Hūd and in Yā-Sīn (the Shāṭibiyyah couplet). Of the three readers of the Durrah, Abū Jaʿfar doubles it in al-Ṭāriq (and in Yā-Sīn and al-Zukhruf), while Khalaf al-ʿĀshir reads it light everywhere; Yaʿqūb, following his root, reads it light here.
In it [Hūd], in Yā-Sīn and in al-Ṭāriq the lofty, lammā is doubled by kāmil (Ibn ʿĀmir), naṣṣa (ʿĀṣim) and fa-ʿtalā (Ḥamzah).
(From Sūrat Hūd:) salāmun; and Yaʿqūb — raise …; fuz (Khalaf) …; the naṣb of ḥā- (Yaʿqūb) … imraʾataka; and in كُلًّا, itlu (Abū Jaʿfar) with the doubling.
Coded letters in this couplet
- فKhalaf al-ʿĀshirخلف العاشر
- حYaʿqūbيعقوب
- أAbū Jaʿfarأبو جعفر
Full key on the reference page.
And lammā with al-Ṭāriq — atā (Abū Jaʿfar doubles it), and in Yā(-Sīn) and al-Zukhruf; and the light form in all of them — fuq (Khalaf al-ʿĀshir) …
Coded letters in this couplet
- أAbū Jaʿfarأبو جعفر
- فKhalaf al-ʿĀshirخلف العاشر
Full key on the reference page.
It is read with the mīm doubled and with it light. Whoever doubles it makes إِنْ the negating 'not' (mā al-jāḥidah) and لَمَّا mean 'except', for affirmation: 'there is no soul but has a guardian over it from God.' Whoever lightens it makes إِنْ the lightened form of إِنَّ and مَا a reinforcing connective: 'truly every soul has a guardian over it.' Kasrah-initial light إِنْ has several uses — lightened from the heavy form, meaning 'not', conditional, redundant, meaning 'when' (idh), 'indeed' (qad) and 'did not' (lam); and fatḥah-initial lightened أَنْ likewise — lightened from the heavy form, a particle putting the present verb in the subjunctive, redundant, and explanatory 'that is'. (al-Ḥujjah of Ibn Khālawayh, 368.) See vol. 2, p. 401.