QirāʾātThe ten readings

سُورَةُ الفاتحة

al-Fātiḥah— The Opening

Sūrah 1 · Makkan
7 / 7 āyāt collated15 uṣūl · 14 farshḤafṣ ʿan ʿĀṣim on top · 14 of 14 comparison rows shown
سُورَةُ الفاتحةal-Fātiḥah · Makkan · 7 āyāt
1all ten agree
حفصḤafṣ
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
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2all ten agree
حفصḤafṣ
ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ
Listenrecitations coming for each riwāyah
3all ten agree
حفصḤafṣ
ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Listenrecitations coming for each riwāyah
411 readers diverge
حفصḤafṣ
مَٰلِكِ يَوْمِ ٱلدِّينِ

Notes & justification

﴿مَٰلِكِ﴾: قرأ عاصمٌ (شعبة وحفص) والكسائيُّ ويعقوبُ وخلفٌ العاشر ﴿مَٰلِكِ﴾ بألفٍ بعد الميم، وقرأ الباقون ﴿مَلِكِ﴾ بغير ألف. فـ﴿مالك﴾ اسم فاعل من مَلَكَ يملِك، و﴿ملك﴾ صفةٌ مشبَّهة من مَلُكَ.

ʿĀṣim — through both Shuʿbah and Ḥafṣ — together with al-Kisāʾī, Yaʿqūb and Khalaf al-ʿĀshir read مَٰلِكِ, with an alif after the mīm: “Master of the Day of Judgement”. The remaining readers read مَلِكِ, without the alif: “King of the Day of Judgement”. Both are sound and the difference is one of sense rather than sound alone — مالك is an active participle from malaka, “to own”, while ملك is an adjective from maluka, “to be sovereign”.

Qālūn ʿan NāfiʿقالونWarsh ʿan NāfiʿورشIbn Kathīrابن كثيرal-Dūrī ʿan Abī ʿAmrالدوريal-Sūsī ʿan Abī ʿAmrالسوسيHishām ʿan Ibn ʿĀmirهشامIbn Dhakwān ʿan Ibn ʿĀmirابن ذكوانKhalaf ʿan ḤamzahخلفKhallād ʿan ḤamzahخلادAbū Jaʿfarأبو جعفر
Listenrecitations coming for each riwāyah
5all ten agree
64 readers diverge
76 readers divergeneeds review