QirāʾātThe ten readings

سُورَةُ الملك

al-Mulk— The Sovereignty

Sūrah 67 · Makkan
30 / 30 āyāt collated271 uṣūl · 14 farshḤafṣ ʿan ʿĀṣim on top · 14 of 14 comparison rows shown
سُورَةُ الملكal-Mulk · Makkan · 30 āyāt
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حفصḤafṣ
تَبَٰرَكَ ٱلَّذِى بِيَدِهِ ٱلْمُلْكُ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءࣲ قَدِيرٌ
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حفصḤafṣ
ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلْمَوْتَ وَٱلْحَيَوٰةَ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ أَيُّكُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلࣰا ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْغَفُورُ
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حفصḤafṣ
ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَٰوَٰتࣲ طِبَاقࣰا ۖ مَّا تَرَىٰ فِى خَلْقِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ مِن تَفَٰوُتࣲ ۖ فَٱرْجِعِ ٱلْبَصَرَ هَلْ تَرَىٰ مِن فُطُورࣲ

Notes & justification

﴿تَفَٰوُتࣲ﴾:

The poems on تَفَٰوُت: the Shāṭibiyyah gives the short form with the doubled wāw — تَفَوُّت — to the readers coded شَقَّ (Ḥamzah and al-Kisāʾī); the Durrah line keeps تَفَاوُت, with the alif, for its reader coded ف (Khalaf al-ʿĀshir), who therefore reads with Ḥafṣ here.

Khalaf ʿan ḤamzahخلفKhallād ʿan Ḥamzahخلادal-KisāʾīالكسائيKhalaf al-ʿĀshirخلف
(ش)al-Shāṭibiyyah
..مِنْ تَفَوُّتٍ عَلَى الْقَصْرِ وَالتَّشْدِيدِ شَقَّ تَهَلُّلَا

… min tafawwut: the short form with the doubled letter — shaqq (Ḥamzah, al-Kisāʾī) — radiant.

(د)al-Durrah al-Muḍiyyah
... تَفَاوُتِ فِدْ تَدْعُونَ...

… tafāwut — fid (Khalaf al-ʿĀshir keeps the alif) … tadʿūna …

﴿تَفَٰوُتࣲ﴾: قرئ بتشديد الواو بلا ألف تفوت الأمر تفوتاً وتفاوتاً، وقرئ بتخفيفها بعد الألف وهما لغتان بمعنى التباين والاختلاف كالتعهد والتعاهد. (طلائع: ٢٦٦).

It is read with the wāw doubled and no alif — tafawwata al-amru tafawwutan, and tafāwutan — and it is read with the wāw light after an alif. They are two dialectal forms with the one meaning, disparity and discordance, like taʿahhud and taʿāhud. (Ṭalāʾiʿ 266)

Khalaf ʿan ḤamzahخلفKhallād ʿan Ḥamzahخلادal-Kisāʾīالكسائي
﴿هَلْ تَرَىٰ﴾:

The couplets on the lām of هَلْ and بَلْ: the first lists the eight letters it can merge into (the initials of ت ث ظ ز س ن ط ض); al-Kisāʾī (coded ر, رَاوٍ) merges into all of them and Ḥamzah (ف, فَاضِلٌ) into the thāʾ, sīn and tāʾ. The third line gives هَلْ تَرَىٰ — here and in al-Ḥāqqah — to Abū ʿAmr (ح, حُبَّ) as well; Hishām (ل) merges throughout except before the letters he is said to keep plain (وَأَظْهِرْ لَدَى وَاعٍ نَبِيلٍ ضَمَانُهُ — the nūn and the ḍād), so he merges here. The Durrah lines keep iẓhār for Khalaf al-ʿĀshir (ف, فَتًى) in هَلْ and بَلْ, هَلْ تَرَىٰ included.

al-Dūrī ʿan Abī ʿAmrالدوريal-Sūsī ʿan Abī ʿAmrالسوسيHishām ʿan Ibn ʿĀmirهشامKhalaf ʿan ḤamzahخلفKhallād ʿan Ḥamzahخلادal-KisāʾīالكسائيKhalaf al-ʿĀshirخلف
(ش)al-Shāṭibiyyah
أَلَا بَلْ وَهَلْ تَرْوِي ثَنَا ظَعْنِ زَيْنَبٍسَمِيرَ نَوَاهَا طِلْحَ ضُرٍّ وَمُبْتَلَى

The initials of this line name the letters the lām of bal and hal can merge into.

(ش)al-Shāṭibiyyah
فَأَدْغَمَهَا رَاوٍ وَأَدْغَمَ فَاضِلٌوَقُورٌ ثَنَاهُ سَرَّ تَيْمًا وَقَدْ حَلَا

A rāwī (al-Kisāʾī) merges them all; a fāḍil (Ḥamzah) merges into thāʾ, sīn and tāʾ.

(ش)al-Shāṭibiyyah
...وَفِي هَلْ تَرَى الْإِدْغَامُ حُبَّ وَحُمِّلَا

… and in hal tarā the idghām is loved (Abū ʿAmr) and carried.

(ش)al-Shāṭibiyyah
وَأَظْهِرْ لَدَى وَاعٍ نَبِيلٍ ضَمَانُهُ

Declare it plainly before (the nūn and the ḍād) — for Hishām, the exception to his merging.

(د)al-Durrah al-Muḍiyyah
وَأَظْهِرْ إِذْ مَعْ قَدْ ...........

Declare plainly idh together with qad …

(د)al-Durrah al-Muḍiyyah
وَهَلْ بَلْ فَتًى هَلْ مَعْ تَرَى ....

… and hal and bal — fatā (Khalaf al-ʿĀshir) — hal with tarā …

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حفصḤafṣ
ثُمَّ ٱرْجِعِ ٱلْبَصَرَ كَرَّتَيْنِ يَنقَلِبْ إِلَيْكَ ٱلْبَصَرُ خَاسِئࣰا وَهُوَ حَسِيرࣱ

Notes & justification

﴿خَاسِئࣰا﴾:

Two Durrah fragments: the first continues the ibdāl list (وَأَبْدِلَنْ, “and change”), the second names شَانِئَكَ and خَاسِئًا among the words in which Abū Jaʿfar (coded أ, أَلَا) changes the hamzah after a kasrah into a yāʾ — so خَاسِيࣰا.

Abū Jaʿfarأبو جعفر
(د)al-Durrah al-Muḍiyyah
...حِمَاهُ وَأَبْدِلَنْ..........

… his preserve; and change (the hamzah) …

(د)al-Durrah al-Muḍiyyah
كذاك قرِي.. ..شَانِئَكَ خَاسِئا أَلا

… likewise … shāniʾaka, khāsiʾan — alā (Abū Jaʿfar).

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